Certified Professional Horticulturist (CPH) Practice Exam

Which of the following practices helps to prevent soil erosion?

1. Overgrazing

2. No-till farming

3. Artificial irrigation

4. Frequent tilling

The correct answer is: No-till farming

No-till farming is an effective practice for preventing soil erosion because it maintains the structural integrity of the soil and helps to conserve moisture. This method minimizes soil disturbance by leaving the previous year's crop residues on the surface, which protects the soil from wind and water erosion. The plant material acts as a protective cover, reducing the speed of raindrops hitting the ground and allowing water to infiltrate more effectively instead of running off. Additionally, the root systems of the crops from previous seasons hold the soil in place, further preventing erosion. In contrast, practices such as overgrazing, artificial irrigation, and frequent tilling can contribute to soil erosion. Overgrazing can strip away vegetation, leaving the soil exposed and more susceptible to erosion. Artificial irrigation, while necessary in some cases, can lead to erosion problems if not managed properly, such as through runoff. Frequent tilling disrupts soil structure, can lead to compaction, and increases erosion by making the soil more vulnerable to water and wind movement. Therefore, no-till farming stands out as a key practice that specifically helps to mitigate soil erosion.