Certified Professional Horticulturist (CPH) Practice Exam

Turf is best established and maintained on ground that is:

1. Level, firm, and fertile

2. Sloped, loose, and fertile

3. Level, loose, and fertile

4. Sloped, firm, and fertile

The correct answer is: Level, firm, and fertile

Turf is best established and maintained on ground that is level, firm, and fertile because these conditions promote optimal growth and health of the grass. A level surface helps ensure even water distribution and minimizes the risk of soil erosion, which can occur on sloped terrain. Firm ground provides a stable base for root growth, allowing grass plants to become well-established and resilient to foot traffic and environmental stresses. Fertility is crucial as well, as nutrient-rich soil supplies essential elements required for healthy turf growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. When a lawn is established in fertile soil, the grass can thrive, leading to a denser, healthier turf that is less susceptible to weeds, pests, and diseases. In contrast, while sloping ground can utilize gravity for drainage, it often leads to water runoff, which can wash away nutrients and cause uneven soil moisture levels. Loose soil, while potentially beneficial for root penetration, may not provide the necessary support and stability for the established turf, making the grass more vulnerable to damage. Therefore, a level, firm, and fertile environment is ideal for establishing and maintaining robust turf that can withstand various challenges.